Wortstämme & Vorwahlen: Quick Reference

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You find them on a separate list of suffixes.

Link	Root word	Meanings	Origin	Examples and Definitions

	a/n	not, without	Greek	abyss - without bottom; achromatic - without color; anhydrous - without water
	ein	on	Latin	afire - on fire; ashore - on the shore; aside - on the side
	ein, ab/s	from, away, off	Latin	abduct - carry away by force; abnormal - away from normal, not normal; absent - away, not present; aversion - the act of turning away from; abbreviate: to shorten.
	a/c/d	to, toward, near	Latin	accelerate - to increase the speed of; accessible - easily entered, approached, or obtained; admittance - allowing into;
	acro	top, height, tip, beginning	Greek	acrobat - a "high walker"; acronym - a word formed from the first (capital) letters of a word; acrophobia - fear of height
	act	tun	Latin	activity - something that a person does; react - to do something in response; interaction - communication between two or more things
	aer/o	air	Greek	aerate - to let air reach something; aerial - relating to the air; aerospace - the air space
	agr/i/o	farming	Latin Greek	agriculture - management of the land, agribusiness - making money by utilizing land; agrarian - relating to the management of land
	alg/o	Schmerz	Latin	neuralgia - pain caused by a nerve; analgesic - a drug that makes one pain free; nostalgia - aching for the familiar
	ambi, amphi	both, on both sides, around	Latin	ambidextrous - able to use both hands equally; ambiguous - having more than one meaning; ambivalence - conflicting or opposite feelings toward a person or thing
	ambul	walk, move	Latin	amble - to walk in a slow, relaxed way; ambulant - walking or moving around; ambulance - a vehicle that moves a patient
	ami/o	love	Latin	amiable - friendly, pleasant, lovable; amity - friendly and peaceful relations; amorous - showing romantic love
	ana	up, back, against, again, throughout	Greek	analysis - a close examination of something; anatomy - the structure of something as visible when cut up for analysis; anachronism - not being in the right place in time
	andr/o	man, male	Greek	androgynous - being both male and female; android - resembling a human; misandry - hatred towards men
	anim	life, spirit	Latin	animal - a living organism; animate - to make alive; equanimity - of balanced spirit
	ann/enn	year	Latin	anniversary - a date observed once a year; annual - happening once a year; millennium - 1,000 years
	ante	before, in front	Latin	antecede - to come before something in time; antemeridian - before noon; anteroom- a small room before the main room
	anth/o	flower	Greek	chrysanthemum and amaranth - names of flowers; anthology - a collection of treasured writings; anthozoan - half plant, half animal, like anemones and corals.
	anthrop/o	human	Greek	anthropology - the study of mankind; anthropomorphism - giving human form to non-human things; philanthropy - the love to mankind (expressed through good deeds)
	anti	against, opposite of	Greek	antibody - a substance that destroys micro-organisms; antiseptic - preventing infection; antisocial - opposing social norm
	apo, apho	away, off, separate	Greek	aphorism - a short expression of a general truth; apology - an explicit expression of regret, apostrophe - a small dash used in place of an omitted letter
	aqu/a	water	Latin	aquarium - a water container for fish; aquatic- relating to water; aqueduct - a pipeline for water
	arbor	tree	Latin	arborist - someone working with trees; arbor - a shady area formed by trees; arborous - having many trees
	arch/i	chief, most important, rule	Greek	archbishop - the highest ranking bishop; archenemy - chief or worst enemy; matriarch - a female who rules a group; monarch - a king or queen
	arch/a/i	primitive, ancient	Greek	archaeology - the study of ancient cultures; archaic - belonging to an earlier period; archive - a collection of historical materials
	arthr/o	joint	Latin Greek	arthroscope - a tool to see inside a joint; arthritis - inflammation of a joint; arthropod - invertebrates with jointed legs, like spiders, crustaceans, insects
	art	skill	Latin	artifact - object made by a person's skill; artisan - a person skilled in a craft; artist - a person who creates skillfully
	astro, aster	star, stars, outer space	Latin	astronaut - a person traveling to the stars; astronomer - someone who studies the stars; asterisk - a star-shaped sign used as a reference tool
	aud/i/io	hear	Latin	audible - loud enough to be heard; audience - people who listen to a program; audiovisual - relating to sound and vision
	auto	self, same, one	Greek	autocrat - a person who governs with absolute power; autograph - a person's own signature; automatic - moving by itself
	avi/a	bird	Latin	aviary - a large enclosure for birds; aviatrix - a female airplane pilot; aviation - the art of designing or operating aircraft
	bar/o	pressure, weight	Greek	baric - pertaining to pressure, esp. of the atmosphere; milliard - metric unit, equal to 1/1000th of a bar; baryon - heavy elementary particle
	bell/i	war	Latin	bellicose - warlike; belligerent - hostile, ready to fight; rebel - person who opposes and fights
	bene	good, well	Latin	benefactor - person who gives money to a cause; beneficial - producing a good effect; benevolent - showing kindness or goodwill
	bi/n	two, twice, once in every two	Latin	biannual - happening twice a year; binoculars - optical device with two lenses; bilateral - of or involving two sides
	bibli/o	book	Greek	bibliography - a list of books used as sources; bibliomania - an extreme love of books; bibliophile - a person who loves books
	bio	life, living matter	Greek	biography- a life story written by another person; biology - the science of life; biosphere - Earth's surface inhabited by living things
	blast/o	cell, primitive, immature cell	Greek	blastula - an early stage of embryonic development; fibroblast - a cell that forms connective tissue; blastoderm - the layer surrounding the inside of an egg
	burs	pouch, purse	Latin	bursar- an administrative officer in charge of funds; bursary- the treasury of a college or monastery; disburse- to expend especially from a public fund
	calc	stone	Latin	calcite; calcium- the flame of acetylene gas generated by reaction of calcium carbide with water; calcification- impregnation with calcareous matter
	cand	glowing, iridescent	Latin	candid- free from bias, prejudice, or malice; candle- something that gives light; incandescent- white, glowing, or luminous with intense heat
	capt, cept, ceive	take, hold	Latin	intercept - to stop or interrupt; perceive - to take notice of something; captivating - taking hold of
	cardi/o	heart	Greek	cardiac - relating to the heart; cardiogenic - resulting from heart disease; cardiologist - a heart doctor
	carn/i	flesh, meat	Latin	carnivorous - flesh-eating; carnal - pertaining to the body or flesh; incarnate - given bodily form
	cata	down, against completely, intensive, according to	Greek	cataclysm - a flood or other disaster, catalog - a complete listing; catastrophe - turning for the worst, a substantial disaster
	caust, caut	to burn	Latin Greek	cauterize - to burn with a hot instrument; caustic - capable of burning or eating away; holocaust - total devastation, especially by fire
	cede, ceed, cess	go, yield	Latin	exceed - to go beyond the limits; recede - to go back; accessible - easily entered, approached, or obtained;
	celer	schnell	Latin	accelerate - to increase the speed of; decelerate - to reduce the speed of
	cent/i	hundred, hundredth	Latin	centennial- the 100th anniversary; centimeter - 1/100 of a meter; century - 100 years
	centr/o/i	center	Greek	egocentric - self-centered; eccentric - not having a common center, not according to norm; centrifugal - moving outward from a center
	cephal/o	head	Greek	encephalitis - inflammation of the brain; cephalic - pertaining to the head; cephalopod - marine mollusks like octopus and squid who have tentacles growing from their head
	cerebr/o	brain	Latin	cerebral - pertaining to the brain; cerebrate - to use the brain; cerebrospinal - pertaining to the brain and the spinal cord
	cert	sure	Latin	ascertain- to find out something with certainty; certain - being absolutely sure; certify - to state that something is true
	chrom/o chromat/o, chros	color, pigment	Greek	achromatic - without color; chromium - a blue-white metallic chemical element, chromatics - the study of color
	chron/o	time	Greek	chronic - lasting for a long time; chronological - arranging events in time order, synchronize - happening at the same time
	chrys/o	gold, yellow	Greek	chrysanthemum and helichrysum - golden/yellow flowers; chrysolite - a yellowish gem
	cide, cise	cut, kill	Latin	homicide - murder; incisor - a sharp tooth for cutting food; insecticide - a chemical used to kill insects
	circum, circle	around, about	Latin	circumnavigate - to sail around; circumscribe - to draw around; circumspect - looking around
	claim, clam	shout, speak out	Latin	clamor - to shout and make noise; exclaim - to cry out loudly and suddenly; proclamation - something announced officially in public
	clar	clear	Latin	clarification - an explanation; clarify - to make something clear; declare - to state something clearly
	clud, clus	close	Latin	conclusion - the end or last part; exclusion - shutting out, rejecting; seclude - to keep away from; to isolate
	cline	lean	Latin	inclination - a leaning toward; incline - a surface that slopes or leans; recline - to lean back and relax
	co	with, together, joint	Latin	coauthor - writer who collaborates with another author; coeducation - educating males and females together; cohousing - planning your neighborhood in an intentional neighborly fashion
	col	together, jointly	Latin	Collaborate - to work together; collision - smashing together; colloquial - words formed by everday interaction
	com	together, common	Latin	commemorate - to memorize together; composition - an arrangement or putting together of parts; commune - living together while owning things in common
	cogn/i	wissen	Latin	cognition - process of acquiring knowledge; incognito - disguised so no one knows you; recognize - to discover that one knows
	con	with, jointly	Latin	concur - to agree with someone; contemporary - of the same time period as others; convention - a gathering of people with a common interest
	contra/o	against, opposite	Latin	contradict to argue against, Contraflow, contraception, contrary not in agreement, controversy disagreement
	corp/o	body	Latin	corporation - a company recognized by law as a single body; corpse - a dead body; corporal - pertaining to the body
	cosm/o	universe	Greek	cosmonaut - a Russian astronaut; cosmos - the universe; microcosm - a miniature universe
	counter	opposite, contrary, opposing		counteract - to oppose the effects of an action; countermand - to cancel a previous order; counteroffensive - attack against an attack
	cranio	skull	Greek	craniology - the study of skull characteristics; cranium - skull of vertebrates; cranial - pertaining to the skull
	cred	believe	Latin	credence - belief that something is true or valid; credulous - believing things too easily, gullible; incredible - unbelievable
	cruc	cross	Latin	crucial-characteristic of or having the form of a cross ; crucifix- the cross itself as a Christian emblem; excruciating- so intense as to cause great pain or anguish
	crypto	hidden, secret	Greek	cryptic - of hidden meaning; cryptography - science of secret codes; encrypt - encode into secret code
	cumul	mass, heap	Latin	accumulate - to gather or pile up; cumulative - gradually building up
	curr, curs	run	Latin	concurrent- running parallel; current- flowing easily and smoothly; cursive- having a flowing, easy, impromptu character
	cycl	circle, ring	Greek	bicycle - a vehicle with two wheels; cycle - a sequence that is repeated; cyclone - a storm with circling winds
	de	reduce, away, down, remove	Latin	decelerate - to slow down, reduce speed; dethrone - to remove from power; debug - to remove bugs
	dec/a, deka	ten	Greek	decade - 10 years; decathlon - athletic contest that includes 10 disciplines in which each participant competes; December - formerly the 10th month of the Roman calendar
	deci	one tenth	Latin	deciliter - a tenth of a liter; decimate - reduce dramatically; decibel - one tenth of the sound volume unit bel
	dem/o	people	Greek	democracy - government of the people; demographic - the study of people; epidemic - spreading among people in a region
	demi	half, less than	Latin	demitasse - a small cup of coffee; demimonde - someone of little respected life style
	dendr/o/i	tree	Greek	philodendron - a climbing plant that grows on trees; dendrochronology - dating events by studying growth rings in trees; dendriform - in the shape of a tree
	dent, dont	tooth	Latin	dental - relating to teeth; dentist - a doctor for the teeth; dentures - a set of false teeth
	derm/a	skin	Greek	dermatologist - a doctor for the skin; pachyderm - a class of animals with very thick skin (elephant, rhinoceros); dermatitis - inflammation of the skin
	di/plo	two, twice	Greek	dichromatic - displaying two colors; diploma - a certificate, literally "a letter folded double"; dilemma - a situation that requires a choice between two alternatives.
	di/s	apart, away, not, to the opposite	Latin	digression - a departure from the main issue, subject; disappear - to move out of sight; dissect - to cut apart piece by piece.
	dia	through, between, apart, across	Greek	diabetes - disease characterized by excessive thirst and discharge of urine; diagnosis - understanding a condition by going through a detailed review of symptoms; dialog - conversation between two people.
	dict	speak	Latin	contradict - to express the opposite of; prediction - a statement foretelling the future; dictate - to speak out loud for another person to write down.
	domin	master	Latin	dominate - to be the master of; domineering - excessively controlling; predominate - to have more power than others
	don/at	give	Latin	donation - a contribution or gift; donor - someone who gives something; pardon - to give forgiveness for an offense
	duc/t	lead	Latin	conduct - to lead musicians in playing music; educate - to lead to knowledge; deduction - a subtraction of an amount.
	du/o	two, twice	Latin	duplicate - make an identical copy; duet - a musical composition for two voices or instruments; duo - a pair normally thought of as being together.
	dur	harden, to last, lasting	Latin	durable - having the quality of lasting; duration - the length of time something lasts; enduring - able to last.
	dyn/a/am	power, energy, strength	Greek	dynamo - a generator of energy; dynamic - having physical energy/power; dynamite - a powerful explosive.
	dys	abnormal, bad	Greek	dyspepsia - abnormal digestion; dystopia - an imaginary place of total misery; dyslexia - impairment of the ability to handle words.
	e-	out, away	Latin	eloquent - speaking beautifully and forcefully; emissary - a representative of a country or group sent on a mission; eject - throw out forcefully.
	ego	self	Latin Greek	egoistic - self-centered; alter ego - a higher aspect of oneself; egomania - excessive preoccupation with oneself.
	em, en	into, cover with, cause		empathy - intention to feel like another person; empower - put into power; engorge - make larger.
	endo	within, inside	Greek	endotherm - a creature that can keep its inside temperature fairly constant; endocrine - relating to glands that secrete directly into the blood or lymph; endogamy - the custom to marry within one's clan, tribe etc.
	enn/i, anni	years	Latin	bicentennial - of or relating to an age or period of 200 years; centennial - of or relating to an age or period of 100 years; perennial -lasting through many years.
	en, in	inside, inwards	Latin	envision - to picture in the mind; enclose - lock inside; inwards - towards the inside.
	ep/i	on, upon, over, among, at, after, to, outside	Greek	epidemic - the rapid spread of something negative; epilogue - a short speech delivered after a play; epicenter - the center of an earthquake.
	equ/i	equal, equally	Latin	equidistant - an equal distance from two points; equanimity - calm temperament, evenness of temper; equation - a statement of equality.
	erg/o	work	Greek	ergonomics - study of the working environment; energy - the power to accomplish work; energetics - science that looks at energy and its transformation.
	esth/aesth	feeling, sensation, beauty	Latin	esthetician - someone who beautifies; aesthetic - pertaining to a sense of beauty; kinesthesia - the sensation of bodily movement.
	ethno	race, people	Greek	ethnic - pertaining to a defined group of people; ethnocentric - focusing on the ethnicity of people; ethnology - the science of people and races.
	eu	good, well	Greek	euphemism - replacing an offensive word with an inoffensive one; euphonious - having a pleasant sound; euphoria - feeling of well-being.
	ex	from, out,	Latin	excavate - to dig out; exhale - to breathe out; extract - to pull out.
	extra, extro	outside, beyond	Latin	extraordinary - beyond ordinary; extraterrestrial - outside the Earth; extrovert - an outgoing person.
	fac/t	make, do	Latin	artifact - an object made by a person; factory - a place where things are made; malefact - a person who does wrong.
	fer	bear, bring, carry	Latin	confer - to bring an honor to someone; ferry - a boat that carries passengers; transfer - to move to another place.
	fid	faith	Latin	confide - place trust in someone, fidelity - faithfulness; fiduciary - a trustee;
	flect	bend	Latin	deflect - to bend course because of hitting something; inflection - a bending in the voice's tone or pitch; flexible - easily bending.
	flor/a, fleur	flower	Latin	florist - someone working with flowers; floral - flowerlike; flora - the plant life of a particular time or area
	for	completely (used to intensify the meaning of a word)		forsaken or forfeited - completely lost; forgiven - completely given (a release of debt).
	fore	in front of, previous, earlier		forebear - ancestor; forebode - to give an advance warning of something bad; forecast - a preview of events to be.
	form	shape	Latin	conformity- correspondence in form, manner, or character; formation- something that is formed; reformatory- intended for reformation
	fract, frag	break	Latin	fracture - a break; fragile - easy to break; fragment or fraction - a part or element of a larger whole;
	fug	flee, run away, escape	Latin	fugitive - a person who is running away; refuge - a sheltered place to flee to; refugee - a person seeking protection
	funct	perform, work	Latin	defunct - no longer working or alive; function - to work or perform a role normally; malfunction - to fail to work correctly.
	fus	pour	Latin	confusion - being flooded with too much information that is hard to make sense of; fuse - to melt by heating; infuse - to put into.
	gastr/o	stomach	Greek	gastric - pertaining to the stomach; gastronomy - serving the stomach by providing good food; gastritis - inflammation of the stomach.
	gen/o/e/ genesis	birth, production, formation, kind	Greek	genealogy - the study of the history of a family; generation - all the people born at approximately the same time; genetic -relating to heredity encoded in the genes.
	geo	earth, soil, global	Greek	geography - study of the earth's surface; geology - study of the structure of the earth; geoponics - soil based agriculture.
	ger	old age	Greek	geriatrics - medicine pertaining to the elderly; gerontocracy - the rule of the elders; gerontology - the science of aging.
	giga	a billion	Greek	gigabyte - unit of computer storage space; gigahertz - unit of frequency (one billion Hz/sec); gigawatt unit of electric power (one billion watts).
	gon	Winkel	Latin Greek	decagon - a polygon with 10 angles; diagonal - a slanting line running across a space; octagon - a geometrical figure with 8 angles.
	gram	letter, written	Greek	diagram - a simple drawing; grammar - rules of how to write words in sentences; telegram - a message sent by telegraph.
	gran	grain	Latin	granary- a storehouse or repository for grain especially after it is threshed or husked; granola- a mixture of rolled oats and other ingredients; granule- a little grain (as of sugar)
	graph/y	writing, recording, written	Greek	Graphology - the study of handwritings; autograph - written with one's own hand; seismograph - a machine noting strength and duration of earthquakes.
	grat	pleasing	Latin	gratify - to please someone; grateful - feeling thankful; gratuity - a tip, token of appreciation.
	gyn/o/e	woman, female	Greek	gynecology - the science of female reproductive health; gynephobia - fear of women; gynecoid - resembling a woman.
	gress, grad/e/i	to step, to go	Latin	digression - a departure from the main issue, subject, etc.; progress - movement forward or onward; gradual - step by step.
	hect/o, hecat	hundred	Greek	hectoliter - 100 liters; hectare - metric unit equaling 100 ares or 10,000 square meters; hectometer - 100 meters.
	helic/o	spiral, circular	Greek	helicopter - an aircraft with horizontal rotating wing; helix - a spiral form; helicon - a circular tuba.
	heli/o	sun	Greek	heliotropism - movement or growth in relating to the sun; heliograph - apparatus used to send message with the help of sunlight; helianthus - genus of plants including sunflowers.
	hemi	half, partial	Greek	hemicycle - a semicircular structure; hemisphere - one half of the earth; hemistich - half a line of poetry.
	hem/o/a	blood	Latin Greek	hemorrhage - clotting of the blood; hemorrhoids - swelling of the blood vessels; hemoglobin - red blood particle.
	hepa	liver	Latin	hepatitis - inflammation of the liver; hepatoma - a tumor of the liver; hepatotoxic - toxic and damaging to the liver.
	hept/a	seven	Greek	heptagon - a shape with seven angles and seven sides; Heptateuch - the first seven books of the Old Testament; heptameter - a line of verse consisting of seven metrical feet.
	herbi	grass, plant	Latin	herbicide - any chemical used to kill unwanted plants, etc.; herbivorous - plant-eating; herbal - relating to plants.
	hetero	different, other	Greek	heterogeneous - made up of unrelated parts; heteronyms - words with same spelling but different meanings; heterodox - not conforming to traditional beliefs.
	hex/a	six	Greek	hexagon - a shape with six angles/sides; hexameter - a verse measured in six; hexapod - having six legs.
	histo	tissue	Greek	histology - study of the microscopic structure of tissues; histochemistry - study of the chemical constitution of cells and tissues.
	homo, homeo	like, alike, same	Latin Greek	homogeneous - of the same nature or kind; homonym - sounding alike; homeopath - a therapy that is based on treating "same with same"
	hydr/o	liquid, water	Greek	hydrate - to add water to; hydrophobia - intense fear of water; hydroponics - growing plants in liquid nutrient solution; hydraulic - operated by force created by a liquid.
	hygr/o	moisture, humidity	Greek	hygrometer - tool used to measure humidity; hygrograph - instrument for recording variations in atmospheric humidity.
	hyper	too much, over, excessive, beyond	Latin Greek	hyperactive - very restless; hypercritical - too critical; hypertension - above normal pressure.
	hyp/o	under	Greek	hypoglycemia - an abnormally low level of sugar in the blood; hypothermia - abnormally low body temperature; hypothesis - a theory that is unproven but used under the assumption that it is true.
	iatr/o	medical care	Greek	geriatrics - medical care of the elderly; pediatrician - a doctor who treats children; podiatry - medical care for feet.
	icon/o	image	Latin Greek	icon - an (often religious) image, in modern usage a simplified graphic of high symbolic content; iconology - science of symbols and icons; iconoclast - someone who destroys religious images and traditional beliefs.
	idio	peculiar, personal, distinct	Greek	idiomatic - Peculiar to a particular language; idiosyncracy - a physical or mental characteristic typical or a particular person; idiot - someone who is distinctly foolish or stupid.
	il, in	in, into	Latin	illuminate - to give light to; innovation - a new idea, method, or device; inspection - the act of examining or reviewing.
	ig, il, im, in, ir	not, without	Latin	illegal - not legal; impossible - not possible; inappropriate - not appropriate; irresponsible - not responsible.
	imag	likeness	Latin	image - a likeness of someone; imaginative - able to think up new ideas or images; imagine - to form a picture or likeness in the mind.
	infra	beneath, below	Latin	infrastructure - underlying framework of a system; infrared - below the regular light spectrum.
	inter	between, among, jointly	Latin	international - involving two or more countries; intersection - place where roads come together; intercept - to stop or interrupt the course of.
	intra, intro	within, inside	Latin	intrastate - existing in one state; intravenous - inside or into a vein; introvert - shy person who keeps within him/herself.
	ir	nicht	Latin	irredeemable - not redeemable; irreformable - not reformable; irrational - not rational.
	iso	equal		isobar - a line on a map connecting points of equal barometric pressure; isometric - having equality of measure; isothermal - having equal or constant temperature.
	ject	throw	Latin	eject - to throw someone/something out; interject - to throw a remark into a discussion; project - to cast or throw something.
	jud	law	Latin	judgment - a decision of a court of law; judicial - having to do with judges or courts of law; judiciary - a system of courts of law.
	junct	join	Latin	conjunction - a word that joins parts of sentences; disjunction - a disconnection; junction - a place where two things join.
	juven	young	Latin	juvenile - youthful or childish; rejuvenate - to bring back to youthful strength or appearance.
	kilo	thousand	Greek	kilobyte - 1,000 bytes; kilometer - 1,000 meter; kilograms - 1,000 grams.
	kine/t /mat	motion, division	Greek	kinetics - study of the force of motion; psychokinesis or telekinesis - the ability to move objects with your mind; cinematography - motion picture making.
	lab	work	Latin	collaborate - to work with a person; elaborate - to work out the details; laborious - requiring a lot of hard work.
	lact/o	milk	Latin	lactate - to give milk, nurse; lactose - the sugar contained in milk; lactic acid.
	later	side	Latin	bilateral - of or involving two sides; unilateral - affecting one side of something.
	leuk/o, leuc/o	white, colorless	Greek	leukemia - abnormal increase of white blood cells in the blood; leukocyte - a mature white blood cell; leucine - a white, crystalline amino acid.
	lex	word, law, reading	Greek	lexicology - the study and history of words; alexia -loss of the ability to read; illegal - not authorized by the official rules or laws.
	liber	free	Latin	liberate - to set free; libertine - a person with a free, wild lifestyle; liberty - freedom.
	lingu	language, tongue	Latin	linguist - one who studies languages; multilingual - able to communicate in multiple languages; linguine - long, flat "tongue-shaped" pasta.
	lip/o	fat	Greek	liposuction - the mechanical removal of fat reserves in the tissue; lipase - enzyme that breaks down fat; lipoid - resembling fat.
	lite, ite, lith/o	mineral, rock, fossil	Greek	apatite - a group of common minerals; granite - a hard, granular rock; monolith - a remarkable, unique stone.
	loc	place	Latin	dislocate - to put something out of its usual place; location - a place; relocate - to move to a new place.
	log/o	word, doctrine, discourse	Greek	logic - correct reasoning; monologue - a long speech by one speaker;analogy - similarity, especially between things otherwise dissimilar.
	loqu, locu	speak	Latin	eloquent - speaking beautifully and forcefully ; loquacious - very talkative; elocution - art of public speaking.
	luc	light	Latin	elucidate - to explain, to throw light on; lucid - easily understood, giving off light; translucent - allowing light through.
	lud, lus	to play	Latin	prelude - introduction to the major performance; illusion - misleading optical image or impression; delude - to mislead, deceive.
	lumin	light	Latin	illuminate - to fill with light; lumen - unit measuring light.
	lun/a/i	moon	Latin	lunar - relating to the moon; lunarscape - the surface of the moon; lunatic - insane (as if driven mad by the moon).
	macro	large, great	Greek	macroevolution - large scale evolution; macromolecule - a large molecule; macroeconomics - study of the overall forces of economy.
	magn/a/i	great, large	Latin	magnify - make larger; magnificent - grand; magnate - a powerful person, especially in business or industry.
	mal/e	bad, ill, wrong	Latin	malcontent - wrong content; malaria - "bad air", infectious disease thought to originate from the "bad air" of the swamps, but caused by the bite of an infected mosquito; malicious - showing strong ill will.
	man/i/u	hand	Latin	maneuver - to move by hand; manual - done with the hands; manuscript - a book written by hand.
	mand	to order	Latin	command - an order or instruction; demand - a hard-to-ignore order; mandate - an official order.
	mania	madness, insanity, excessive desire	Greek	bibliomania - a crazy love of books; egomania - a mad love of oneself; maniac an insane person.
	mar/i	sea	Latin	marina - a harbor for pleasure boats; maritime - relating to the sea; submarine - an undersea boat; aquamarine - color of sea water.
	mater, matr/i	mother	Latin	maternal - relating to motherhood; maternity - the state of being a mother; matriarch - a woman head of a household.
	max	greatest	Latin	maximal - the best or greatest possible; maximize - to make as great as possible; maximum - the greatest amount.
	medi	middle	Latin	medieval - pertaining to the Middle Ages; medium - in the middle; mediocre - only of medium (inferior) quality.
	mega	great, large, million	Greek	megalopolis - an area with many nearby cities; megaphone - a device that projects a loud voice; megastructure - huge building or other structure.
	melan/o	black	Greek	melancholy - a state of dark emotions; melanoma - malignant dark tumor of the skin; melodrama - a dark, pathetic drama.
	memor/i	remember	Latin	commemorate - to honor the memory of, as by a ceremony; memorial - related to remembering a person or event; memory: an ability to retain knowledge or an individual's stock of retained knowledge.
	merge, mers	dip, dive	Latin	immerge or immerse - to put or dip something into a liquid; submerge to dip something completely into wate.r
	meso	middle	Latin Greek	Mesoamerica - Middle America; meson - elementary particle with a mass between an electron and a proton.
	meta	change, after, beyond, between	Greek	metaphysics - study of nature and reality; metamorphosis - a complete change of form; metastasis - the transmission of disease to other parts of the body.
	meter, metr/y	measure	Greek	audiometer- an instrument that measures hearing acuteness; chronometer- an instrument that measures time; metric - measured.
	micro	very small, short, minute	Greek	microbe - a very small living thing; microchip - a tiny wafer with an integrated circuit; microscope - a device to see very small things.
	mid	middle	Latin Greek	midriff - the area between the chest and the waist; midterm - middle of a term in school; midway - halfway between.
	migr	move	Latin	immigrant - a person who moves to a new country to settle; migrant - person who moves from place to place; migration - the process of moving.
	milli	onethousandth	Latin	millimeter - one thousandth of a meter; millibar - one thousandth of a bar; milliliter - one thousandth of a liter.
	min/i	small, less	Latin	mini - something that is very small; minuscule - extremely tiny; minutiae - very small or trivial details.
	mis/o	bad, badly, wrong, wrongly, to hate	Greek	misbehave - to behave badly; misprint - an error in printing; misnomer - an error in naming a person or thing.
	miss, mit	send, let go	Latin	dismiss - to send someone away; missile - a weapon sent into the air; emit - to send something out; admittance - entry.
	mob	move	Latin	immobilize - to stop from moving; mobile - able to move freely; mobility - the quality of being able to move.
	mon/o	one, single, alone	Greek	monochromat - having one color; monologue - a speech spoken by one person; monotheism - belief in one god.
	mot, mov	move	Latin	motion - the act of moving; motivate - to move someone to action; promote to move someone forward; removable - able to be taken or carried away.
	morph/o	form	Greek	metamorphosis - complete change of form; endorphins - chemical in the brain able to transform pain; amorphous - without distinct shape or form.
	mort	death	Latin	immortal - living forever, unable to die; mortal - certain to die; mortician - an undertaker.
	multi	many, more than one or two	Latin	multicolored - having many colors; multimedia - using a range of media; multitasking - doing many things at once.
	mut	change	Latin	immutable - not changing; mutant - an organism that has undergone change; mutate - to undergo a change.
	my/o	muscle	Latin	myocardium - the middle muscle of the heart; myasthenia - muscle fatigue or weakness; myosin - common protein in muscle tissue.
	narr	tell	Latin	narrate - to tell a story; narrative - a story; narrator - a person who tells a story.
	nat	born	Latin	innate - included since birth; natal - relating to birth; natural - gotten at birth, not afterward.
	nav	ship	Latin	circumnavigate - to sail around a place; naval - relating to a navy or warships; navigate - to sail a ship through a place.
	necr/o	dead, death	Greek	necrophil - loving death; necrosis - the death of tissue due to disease or injury; necrology - a list of persons who have recently died.
	neg	no	Latin	negate - to say it didn't happen; negative - meaning "no"; renege - to go back on a promise.
	neo	new, recent		neoclassic - a revival of classic form, neocolonialism - the indirect ("new") economical and political control of a region by a more powerful foreign power; neonatal - a newborn child, especially the first few weeks.
	nephr/o	kidney	Greek	nephritis - inflammation of the kidneys; nephrotomy - surgical incision of a kidney; nephron - a single, excretory unit in the kidney.
	neur/o	nerve	Greek	neuralgia - pain along a nerve; neurologist - doctor specializing in the nerves; neurotic - mental disorder that usually does not include an impaired perception of reality.
	nom/in	name	Latin	misnomer - an error in naming a person or thing; nominal - being something in name only but not in reality; nominate - to name for election or appointment, to designate.
	nicht	no, not, without	Latin	nondescript - with no special characteristics; nonfiction - true, real, not made-up; nonsense - without sense.
	nicht	mark	Latin	notable - marked as worthy of attention; notarize - to certify a signature on a legal document; annotate - to add remarks.
	noun, nunc	declare	Latin	announce - to declare in public; denounce - to proclaim harsh criticism; enunciate - to speak or declare something clearly.
	nov	new	Latin	innovate - to introduce a new way; novelty - something new; novice - a person who is new at a job; renovate - to make something like new again.
	numer	number	Latin	enumerate - to name a number of items on a list; numerology - the study of magical uses of numbers; numerous - a large number.
	ob, op	in the way, against	Latin	object - to be against something; obscure - hard to understand; opposition - the act of resistance or action against.
	oct/a/o	eight	Greek	octagon - a figure with 8 sides and 8 angles; octogenarian - person in his or her 80s; octopus - sea animal with 8 arms.
	ocu	eye	Latin	binoculars - lens device for seeing distances; monocula - relating to one eye; oculist - an eye doctor.
	od	path, way	Greek	diode - an electron tube having two electrodes, a cathode and an anode; odometer - an instrument attached to a vehicle to measure the distance traversed; triode - an electron tube with an anode, a cathode, and a control grid
	odor	smell, scent	Latin	deodorant - a substance that helps prevent body odor; malodorous - having a terribly bad smell; odoriferous- something that bears or diffuses a scent
	omni	all	Latin	omnipotent - with all the power; omniscient - knowing all things; omnivorous eating all foods.
	op/t/s	eye, visual condition, sight	Greek	optic - relating to the eyes; optician - a person who fits eyeglasses; autopsy - the examination of a dead body.
	opt	best	Latin	optimal - the best, the most desirable; optimize - to make the best of; optimum - the best something could be.
	ortho	straight	Greek	orthodontist - a dentist that straightens teeth; orthopedic - a doctor concerned with the proper alignment of the bones; orthography - the correct way of writing.
	osteo	bone	Greek	osteoarthritis - inflammation caused by degeneration of the joints; osteopathy - therapy that uses among others manipulation of the skeleton to restore health; osteology - the study of bones.
	out	goes beyond, surpasses, exceeds		Outgoing - being of lively, sharing nature; outdoing - doing better than; outdoor - outside.
	over	excessive	English	overconfident - more confident than is appropriate; overstock - more supplies than is desirable; overexcited - ,more excited than one should be.
	oxi/oxy	sharp	Greek	oxymoron - combining two ideas that sharply contradict each other; oxidize - corrode a surface.
	pale/o	ancient	Greek	paleontology - study of ancient fossils; paleography - the study of ancient forms of writing; Paleolithic - period of the Stone Age.
	pan	all, any, everyone	Greek	panacea - a cure for all diseases or problems; panorama - an all-around view; pantheism - the worship of all gods; pandemic - affecting all.
	para	beside, beyond, abnormal, assistant	Greek	parasite - an organism that lives on and off another living being; parallel - alongside and always an equal distance apart; paragraph - a portion of a writtenn document that presents a distinct idea.
	para	protection from		parachute - protection from falling; parasol - an umbrella used to protect from the sun;
	pater, patr/i	father	Latin Greek	paternal - relating to fathers; paternity - fatherhood; patriarch - a man who rules a group.
	path	feeling, emotion		antipathy - a feeling of great dislike; apathy - a lack of feeling or interest; empathy - ability to understand another's feelings.
	ped/i/e	foot, feet	Latin	pedal - a lever pushed by the foot; pedestrian - one who walks; pedicure - cosmetic treatment of feet and toes.
	pel	drive, force	Latin	compel - to force someone to act; expel - to drive someone out of a place; repel - to force back.
	pent/a	five	Greek	pentagon - shape having 5 angles and 5 sides, pentagram - a five-pointed star formerly used as a symbolic figure in magic; pentathlon - an athletic contest that includes five events.
	pept, peps	digestion	Greek	dyspepsia - abnormal digestion; peptic - aiding digestion; pepsin - a digestive enzyme.
	per	through, throughout	Latin	permanent - lasting throughout all time; permeate - to spread throughout; persist - to continue for a long time; perennial - lasting through many years.
	peri	around, enclosing	Greek	periodontal - pertaining to bone and tissue around a tooth; peripheral - lying outside of the center; perimeter - the outer boundary of an area.
	phag/e	to eat	Greek	esophagus - muscular tube that carries food to the stomach; anthropophagy or sarcophagy - cannibalism; xylophagous - feeding on wood.
	phil/o	love, friend	Greek	philanthropist - one who loves humanity; philology - the love of words; philosophy - the love of wisdom; bibliophil - loving books.
	phon/o /e/y	klingen	Greek	cacophony - loud, unpleasant sounds; microphone - a device that records and amplifies sound; phonetic - relating to human speech sounds.
	phot/o	light	Greek	photogenic - caused by light; photograph - image made on light-sensitive film; photon - the smallest possible unit of light.
	phyll/o	leaf	Greek	chlorophyll - a group of green pigments found in leaves; phyllotaxis - the arrangement of leaves on a stem; phyllite - a rock that forms sheets, similar to slate.
	phys	nature, medicine, the body	Greek	physical - relating to the body; physician - a doctor; physique - nature and shape of one's body.
	phyt/o/e	Pflanze, zu wachsen	Greek	epiphyte - a plant growing independently on the surface of another; hydrophyte - a plant that grows only in water; neophyte - a beginner, especially a person recently converted to a new belief.
	plas/t/m	to form, development, forming cells	Greek	protoplasm - something that is the first made or formed, also the living portion of a cell; plastic - able to be formed, especially when warm; plaster - a mixture of lime, sand and water that forms a smooth solid covering for walls.
	plaud, plod, plaus, plos	approve, clap	Latin	applaud- to show approval of especially by clapping the hands; explosion- an act of exposing something as invalid or baseless; plausible- worthy of being applauded
	pneum/o	breathing, lung, air, spirit	Greek	pneumonia - inflammation of the lungs; pneumatic - using the force of air; dyspnea - difficulty breathing.
	pod/e	foot	Greek	podiatrist - a doctor for the feet; podium - a small platform to stand on; tripod - a stand or frame with 3 legs.
	poli	city	Greek	metropolis - a large city; police - people who work for the government to maintain order in a city; politics - actions of a government or political party.
	poly	many, more than one	Greek	polychrome - with many colors; polyglot - a person fluent in many languages; polygon - shape with 3 or more straight sides.
	pon	place, put	Latin	opponent - a person who places him/herself against an action, idea, etc.; postpone - to put off doing something.
	pop	people	Latin	popular - appealing to a lot of people; population - all of the people who live in a particular area; populist - a supporter of the rights of people.
	port	carry	Latin	export - to carry goods out of a place to another; portable - able to be carried; porter - a person who carries luggage.
	pos	place, put	Latin	deposit - to place or drop something; expose to place out into the open for all to see; position - the place where someone is.
	post	after, behind	Latin	posthumous - after someone's death; postpone - to delay something; postscript - an addition to an already completed document.
	pre	earlier, before, in front of	Latin	preamble - a part in front of a formal document; prepare - to get ready in advance; prediction - a statement foretelling the future.
	pro	before, in front of, for, forward	Greek Latin	prognosis - a prediction of what will happen; prologue - a passage before the main part; prophet - a person who foretells the future.
	prot/o	primitive, first, chief	Greek	prototype - the first of a kind; proton - on of the very basic parts of an atom; protocol - a first draft from which a document is prepared.
	pseud/o	wrong,false	Greek	pseudonym - a fictitious name; pseudoscience - theories presumed without proof of a scientific nature; pseudopregnancy - a false pregnancy.
	psych/o	mind, mental	Greek	psyche - the human spirit or soul; psychic - relating to the human mind or someone who has supernatural mental abilities; psychology - the study of the mind.
	pugn/a, pung	to fight	Latin	pugnacious - having a quarrelsome or aggressive nature; repugnant - distasteful, offensive or revolting; pungent - piercing.
	pul	urge		compulsion - a very strong urge; expulsion - to someone out; impulsive - having a spontaneous urge to do something.
	purg	clean	Latin	purge - remove anything undesirable; purgatory - according to Roman Catholics a place where souls must clean themselves of sin; expurgate - remove objectionable passages from a publication.
	put	think	Latin	computer - an electronic thinking device; dispute - to disagree with what another person thinks; input - contribution of one's thinking.
	pyr/o	fire, heat	Greek	pyrotechnics - the art of making fireworks; pyrometer - a thermometer for measuring high temperature; pyretic - relating to or producing fever.
	quad/r/ri	four	Latin	quadrant - open space with buildings on 4 sides; quadrennium - period of 4 years; quadruped - a 4-footed animal.
	quart	fourth	Latin	quarter - one fourth; quart - a fourth of a gallon; quartet - a musical composition or group involving 4 voices or instruments.
	quin/t	five, fifth	Latin	quintett - a composition for 5 voices or instruments; quintessence - pure essence, based on the ancient philosophy that there was a fifth element that was present in all things; quintuple - fivefold.
	radic, radix	root	Latin	eradicate - pull out at the roots; radical - fundamental, looking at things from a drastic point of view; radish - an edible root of the mustard family.
	radio	radiation, ray		radioactive - emitting radiation; radiologist - someone diagnosing or treating via radiation.
	ram/i	branch	Latin	ramification - the resulting consequence of a decision; ramify - to spread or branch out; ramus - a branchlike part.
	re	wieder zurück, rückwärts	Latin	rebound -to spring back again; rewind - to wind something backward; reaction: a response; recognize: to identify someone or something seen before.
	reg	guide, rule	Latin	regent - a person who rules on behalf of a king or queen; regime - a government that rules; regulate - to apply a rule.
	retro	backward, back	Latin	retroactive - relating to something in the past; retrogress - to go back to an earlier condition; retrospect - the remembering of past events.
	rhin/o	nose	Greek	rhinoceros - a species of animals with a big horn on the snout; rhinoplasty - surgery of the nose; rhinovirus - viruses that are causing the common cold.
	rhod/o	red	Greek	rhododendron - a flower with red/pink flowers; rhodium - an element which produces a red solution; rhodopsin - a purple pigment in the retina that is needed for vision.
	rid	laugh	Latin	deride - to make fun of someone; ridicule - to make fun or mock; ridiculous - silly, causing laughter.
	rrh/ea /oea/ag	flow, discharge	Latin Greek	diarrhea - abnormally excessive bowl movement; hemorrhage - heavy blood flow; catarrh - inflammation of a mucous membrane, especially the nose and throat.
	rub	red	Latin	ruby - deep red color and a precious stone of the same color; rubella - measles; bilirubin - reddish pigment in bile.
	rupt	break, burst	Latin	bankrupt - unable to pay because you're "broke"; interrupt - to break into a conversation or event, to disturb; rupture - a break in something.
	san	health	Latin	sane - mentally healthy; sanitary - relating to cleanliness and health; sanitation - maintenance of public health and cleanliness.
	scend	climb, go	Latin	ascend - to climb upward; crescendo - a climbing up of the volume of music; descend - to go or climb down.
	sci	wissen	Latin	conscience - sense of knowing right from wrong; conscious - knowing what is happening; omniscient - knowing everything.
	scler/o	hard	Greek	arteriosclerosis - hardening of the arterial walls; multiple sclerosis - disease which causes the tissue of the brain and spinal cord to harden; sclerometer - instrument for measuring hardness.
	scop/e/y	see, examine, observe	Greek	microscope - a device used to see tiny things; periscope - a seeing instrument on a submarine; telescope - a device used to see over a distance.
	scrib, script	write, written	Latin	inscribe - to write letters or words on a surface; scribe - a person who writes out documents; describe - to represent with words or pictures.
	se	apart	Latin	secede - to formally break away from; seclude - to keep away from; serum - a liquid isolated out of another.
	sect	cut	Latin	dissect - to cut apart piece by piece; intersection - the place or point where two things cross each other; bisect - to cut into two equal parts.
	sed, sid, sess	sit	Latin	reside- be stationed; sediment- the matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid; session- an actual or constructive sitting of a body
	self	of, for, or by itself		self-discipline - the ability to discipline yourself; self-respect - respect for yourself; selfish concerned only with your own interests.
	semi	half, partial	Latin	semiannual - every half year; semicircle - half a circle; semiconscious - partly conscious; semiannual - every half of a year.
	sept/i	seven	Latin	September - this used to be the seventh month in the Roman calendar; septet - a group of seven musicians; septuagenarian - a person in his/her seventies.
	serv	save, keep	Latin	conserve - to save or keep something safe; preserve - to save something; reservation - a place kept for a person.
	sex	six	Latin	sextet or sextette - a composition or group of six, sextuple - sixfold; sexagenarian - person in his/her sixties.
	sol	alone	Latin	desolate - lonely, dismal, gloomy; solitary - done alone, by yourself; solo - a performance done by one person alone.
	sol	sun	Latin	solar - involving the sun; parasol - umbrella protecting from the sun; solarium - a room where one is exposed to sun light.
	somn/I	sleep	Latin	insomnia - inability to fall asleep; somniloquy - talking in your sleep; somnolent - feeling sleepy.
	son	klingen	Latin	consonant - a speech sound; sonorous - producing loud, full, rich sounds; supersonic - faster than sound; unison - as one voice.
	soph	wise	Greek	philosopher - a wise person; sophisticated - wise about the ways of the world; sophism - a clever but misleading argument.
	spec/t, spic	see, look	Latin	circumspect - cautious, looking all around; retrospective - a looking back at past things; spectator - a person who sees an event.
	sphere	ball	Greek	biosphere - the whole round surface of the earth; hemisphere - half the earth spherically shaped like a ball.
	spir	breathe	Latin	inspire - to stimulate or animate; transpire - to give of vapor with waste product through the skin or a membrane; spirit - invisible life force.
	sta	stand	Latin	stable - standing steady and firm; stagnant - standing still, not moving; stationary - at a standstill, fixed.
	stell	star	Latin	constellation - a group of stars that forms a pattern; interstellar - between the stars; stellar - relating to stars.
	struct	build	Latin	construct - to build; destruction - the act of destroying something that was built; structure - something built; infrastructure - underlying framework of a system.
	sub	under, lower than, inferior to	Latin	submarine - an underwater boat; submerge - to put underwater; substandard - inferior to accepted standards.
	sum	highest	Latin	sum - the combined total of everything; summation - the total, highest amount; summit the highest point or top.
	super	higher in quality or quantity	Latin	Super bowl - the final annual football game; superior - above average, better in quality; supersonic - faster than the speed of sound.
	sy/m /n/l/s	together, with, same	Greek	symmetry -similarity in size, form or arrangement; synergy - the combined effect; synchronize - to cause to occur at the same time.
	tact, tang	touch	Latin	contact - a state in which two things touch; tactile - relating to the sense of touch; tangible - able to be touched; intact - with nothing missing.
	tax/o	arrangement	Greek	syntax - the systematic arrangement of words; taxonomy - the science of classification; ataxia - loss of the ability to coordinate muscle action.
	techno	technique, skill	Greek	technology - the practical application of knowledge; technocracy - rule of technology; technologically - characterized by technology.
	tel/e/o	far, distant, complete	Greek	telephone - a device to talk to a distant person; telescope - a device to view distant objects; television - a device to receive pictures from afar; telecommuting - working remotely, bridging the distance via virtual devices.
	temp/or	time	Latin	contemporary- existing at the same time; temporal - relating to time; temporary - lasting for a limited time.
	ten, tin, tent	hold	Latin	continent- serving to restrain or limit; detention- the act or fact of detaining, tenacious- having parts or elements strongly adhering to each other
	ter, trit	rub	Latin	attrition- the act of rubbing together or wearing down; detritus- a product of disintegration or wearing away; trite- used or occurring so often as to have lost interest, freshness, or force
	term/ina	end, limit	Latin	determine - to find something out at the end of an investigation; terminate - to end; exterminate - to destroy or get rid of completely.
	terr/a/i	land, earth	Latin	extraterrestrial - existing outside the earth; terrain - ground or land; territory - an area of land.
	tetra	four	Latin	tetrapod - having 4 legs; tetrarchy - government by 4 rulers; tetrose - a monosaccharide with four carbon atoms.
	the	put	Greek	bibliotheca- a list or catalog of books; theme- a proposition for discussion or argument; thesis- a dissertation embodying results of original research and especially substantiating a specific view
	the/o	god	Greek	monotheism - belief in one god; polytheism - worshiping more than one god; theology - the study of religion, god, etc.
	therm/o	heat	Greek	thermal - relating to heat; thermos - an insulated jar that keeps heat in; thermostat - a device that controls heat.
	tort	twist	Latin	contortion - a twisted shape or position; distort - to alter the shape or condition of; retort - reply in a manner that is supposed to change the effect of something previously said.
	tox	poison	Latin	detoxification - the process of removing poisons; toxic - poisonous; toxicology - the study of poisons; intoxicated - influenced by drugs.
	tract	pull, drag	Latin	attract - to pull objects nearer; distract - to drag attention away from something; tractor - a motor vehicle that pulls things.
	trans	across,beyond, through	Latin	transcontinental - across the continent; transfer - to move from one place to another; transport - to carry something across a space.
	tri	three, once in every three, third	Greek Latin	triangle - a figure with 3 sides and 3 angles; triathlon - an athletic contest with 3 events; tricycle - a 3-wheeI vehicle with pedals.
	ultra	beyond, extreme, more than	Latin	ultrahigh - extremely high; ultramodern - more modern than anything else; ultrasonic - sound waves beyond human hearing.
	un	not,opposite of, lacking	Latin	unabridged - not shortened; unfair - opposite of fair; unfriendly - lacking friendliness.
	uni	one, single	Latin	unicycle - a vehicle with one wheel; unilateral - decided by only one person or nation; unique - the only one of its kind; unison - as one voice.
	urb	city	Latin	suburb - residential area on the edge of a city; urban - relating to a city; urbanology - the study of city life.
	vac	empty	Latin	evacuate - to empty a dangerous place; vacant - empty, not occupied; vacation - a time without work.
	ven/t	come	Latin	circumvent - to go around or bypass restrictions; convention - a gathering or assembly of people with a common interest; intervene - to come between.
	ver/I	truth	Latin	veracious - truthful, honest; veracity - the truth; verify - to make sure that something is true.
	verb	Wort	Latin	verbalize - to put into words; adverb - a word relating to a verb; proverb - a short saying that expresses a well-known truth.
	vers, vert	turn	Latin	reverse - to turn around; introvert - being turned towards the inside; version - a variation of an original; controversy - a conversation in which positions are turned against each other.
	vice	acting in place of, next in rank	Latin	vice-president - the person next in rank to the president
	vid	see	Latin	evident clearly seen
	vince, vic	conquer	Latin	convince - to win someone over; invincible - not able to be conquered; victory - the conquest of an enemy.
	vis, vid	see	Latin	vision - the ability to see; envision - to picture in the mind; evident - clearly visible.
	viv/i vit	live, life	Latin	revival - the act of bringing back to life; vital - pertaining to live; vivacious - high-spirited and full of life.
	voc/i	voice, call	Latin	advocate - to speak in favor of; equivocate - to use misleading language that could be interpreted two different ways; vocalize - to produce with your voice.
	vol/i/u	wish, will	Latin	benevolent - showing good will and kindness; volition - the act of making a choice or decision, voluntary - resulting from your own free will.
	vor, vour	eat	Latin	carnivorous - meat-eating; voracious - desiring or eating food in great quantities; devour - to eat quickly.
	xanth	yellow	Latin	xanthium- a genus of coarse and rough or spiny herbs; xanthochromia- yellowish discoloration (as of the skin or cerebrospinal fluid); xanthogenic
	xen/o	foreign	Greek	xenophobic - afraid of foreigners; xenogenesis - the creation of offspring that is completely different from either parent; xenophile - attracted to foreigners.
	xer/o/I	dry	Greek	xerophyte - a plant that grows in dry climate; xerography - a dry photocopying process; xeric - requiring small amounts of moisture.
	xyl	wood	Greek	xylocarp; xyloid- resembling wood; xylophone-an organ percussion stop of similar tone quality
	zo/o	animal life	Greek	zoology - study of animals; zooid - resembling an animal; zooplankton - minute floating aquatic animals.
	zyg/o	pair	Greek	zygote - a cell formed by the union of two gametes and the organism developing from that; zygomorphic - pertaining to organisms that can be divided into symmetrical halves along one axis only.

Nr	Query	Affected	Num. rows	Took (ms)
1	SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `pages`	18	18	2
2	SELECT CHARACTER_SET_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLLATIONS WHERE COLLATION_NAME= 'utf8mb3_general_ci';	1	1	0
3	SELECT CHARACTER_SET_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLLATIONS WHERE COLLATION_NAME= 'utf8mb3_bin';	1	1	0